Nano Devices and Circuit Techniques for Low-Energy Applications and Energy Harvesting by Chong-Min Kyung

Author:Chong-Min Kyung
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

There are two promising approaches for the power autonomy of implant devices. The first approach is to harvest power from the human body or ambient sources, and the other is to transmit power wirelessly from external sources to implant devices. Harvestable energy sources for the first approach include knee, body, and head movement, heart, artery, muscle, body heat, glucose fuel cell, and solar. Wireless power transmission to implant devices can be accomplished by various means including inductive link, RF transmission, infrared, and ultrasonic.

Both fields, energy harvesting from human body and powering up implant devices, are rapidly growing owing to advancements in transducers, integrated circuit technology, and energy storage devices. Various energy sources and power transmission methods pose distinct technical challenges at various levels such as transducer, circuit, and system. Intensive research will address these problems, but it is still in an early stage. It is expected that the research in this area will be intensified in the next decade.

This chapter reviews the major recent research activities on the two topics: energy harvesting with wearable devices from the human body and powering up implant devices at the system level. The chapter is organized as follows: Sect. 2 describes energy harvesting from voluntary sources with wearable devices followed by involuntary ones. It is organized by the type of energy sources. Section 3 covers energy harvesting from the human body with implant devices, and it is also organized by the type of energy sources. Section 4 describes wireless power transmission to implant devices. Section 5 summarizes the chapter.

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